For several years, to respond to recurring speeding by road users and improve road safety, governments have deployed various roadside radar devices at strategic locations. What are the arrangements in place? How many radars are ready to flash drivers? What are the highlights?
To reverse the worrying figures of road insecurity, in 2002, under the impulse of the public authorities of the time, it was decided to set up radar systems to control the speed of different road users.
Thanks to the Interministerial Committee for Road Safety, an automated control and sanction system has been announced since 2003 and a decree confirms it on 13 October 2004. The following day, the decree of 14 October 2004 on the creation and Organization of the Automated Center for the Recognition of Road Traffic Offenses (CACIR), is published. Then, in order to deal automatically with notices of contravention, the National Agency for the Automated Treatment of Infringements (ANTAI) is born thanks to Decree 2011-348 of March 29, 2011.
These various pieces of legislation provide a framework for the automated control system devices, more commonly called “radars”, developed and expanded over the years.
The fixed speed radar
This type of radar is the first device to have been installed, on 27 October 2003, in Essonne. It calculates the speed of the vehicles instantaneously and flashes the vehicle if the vehicle is considered in excess of speed (taking into account a margin of error).
Fixed speed cameras are signaled by a warning sign. Since 1 August 2015, there are 2,181 fixed speed radars, which are generally located in accident zones or on major roads, in order to reduce the average speed.
The onboard speed radar
This device is, as its name suggests, positioned in a vehicle itself stopped at the roadside. Unlike fixed speed radars, drivers are not notified by signaling the positioning of on-board speed radars.
Police forces, in accordance with the directives of the prefect, position them according to traffic, danger zones or to encourage users to adopt vigilant behavior. According to the latest figures, there are 569 speed radars on board.
The discriminating radar
The discriminating radar is a fixed speed radar that has other advantages. It is designed to distinguish between different types of vehicle (car, motorcycle, heavy goods vehicle, etc.) and identifies the traffic lane on which the vehicle is driving. They can also flash two ways in a counter-direction.
Discriminant radars are reported on the same principle as fixed speed radars. 237 such devices are deployed on the territory, mainly on roads more frequented by heavy goods vehicles.
The average speed radar
Also called “radar stretch”, this type of radar works on the principle that a vehicle is controlled twice on a section of road or highway. The first camera records the license plate of the vehicle and the time of passage. At the second control point, as a function of the time taken by the vehicle to reach this point, its average speed is determined. If the average speed of the vehicle is higher than that authorized, it is considered infringement.
Installed on sections of roads or highways with a high risk of accidents with dramatic consequences (downhills, viaducts, tunnels, etc.), medium speed radars are indicated by signs and count to 100.
The red light radar
The red light radar is a device for checking whether the vehicles cross the line of effect of the traffic lights (EWL) marked by dashed paint on the roadway. 2 pictures can be taken by this radar: one if the vehicle stops after the EWL and another if the vehicle continues its course without stopping. If the vehicle stops just at the limit of the fire, a photo will be triggered but no violation will be issued.
This type of device is not signaled, in particular because the fire itself is a sign. There were 712 red-light radars on August 1, 2015, primarily located in town on busy roads near pedestrian crossroads.
The crossing radar
On the same principle as the red light radar, the crossing radar controls whether a vehicle crosses the barriers of a crossing when the flashing lights are on. As soon as the line crossing the line crossing is crossed, a first picture is taken. A second will be taken if the vehicle continues its route either by passing through its track or bypassing the gates.
Since crossings are reported, crossing radars are not. There are 72 deployed on priority crossings in connection with the French rail network and the SNCF.
The construction radar
Experienced in 2012, site radars were registered in 2015. The first two cabins were deployed as of 1 August 2015. At the end of 2016, no fewer than 250 such devices will be installed. In service.
The speed cameras have several advantages: speed control in both directions of traffic, identification of the taxiway, discrimination between light vehicles and heavy goods vehicles. These radars are semi-mobile, they can be moved to the site or temporary danger zone. They are marked with “radar control” panels and secure the personnel on the site.
The pedagogical radar
Initially located upstream of the fixed radars, pedagogical radars are now installed in danger zones not equipped with fixed radar. The purpose of this device is to inform the driver of the speed at which he is driving and to encourage him to adopt the right behavior (slow down, danger, etc.).
According to the latest figures, 882 pedestrian radars are installed in France.
The new generation mobile radar
The new generation mobile radar is installed on board a car that has been trivialized, either by policemen or gendarmes in uniform. They are equipped with infrared flash that is not visible to road users and targets high speeds (over 146 km / h on motorways, 124 km / h on expressways, 102 km / h on national roads and 61 km / H in agglomeration).
At the end of 2016, 370 vehicles will be equipped with new generation mobile radars. Several models of vehicles are concerned: Renault Mégane, Peugeot 208, Citroën Berlingo, Peugeot 308 or Dacia Sandero Stepway.
The stop radar
Last technology set up, the stop radar was deployed for an experiment in a commune of Essonne. Equipped with cameras, the stop radar measures if the motorist does not mark the stop before the demarcation located on the pavement corresponding to the stop sign.
To be able to verbalize a driver, a video showing the license plate is sent to a municipal police officer who will judge the offense or not.
Beginning of 2016, radars “lures” were installed. They are signaled by road signs warning motorists of the presence of a radar, whether or not there is one. “Lures” cabins will also be tested in the months to come.
In the near future, a new device could be tested in Marseilles on the same principle: the pedestrian crossing radar which would sanction the failure to respect the priority of pedestrians crossing the roadway.
Radar in numbers
Many road users believe that radars are installed only for repression and serve only to fill the coffers of the State. However, according to road safety statistics, 66% fewer deaths have been observed near radars since 2004. In some danger zones, no injuries or death have been reported, demonstrating the effectiveness of these Devices.
On the financial side, in 2013, radars generated € 708 million of revenue (€ 579 million for non-increased fines and € 129 million for fines paid after the first 45 days).
In 2015, there were 20.24 million flashes of radars. 65.7% of the flashes resulted in the issuance of contraventions, ie 13.31 million fines sent to road users.
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